872 - ように (as)
JLPT N3: ように (as; like; similar to)
Today, we're going to study the adverbial phrase ように.
ように is used when talking about things that agree, coincide, match, etc. Use it when you want to describe a characteristic of something which is comparable to what precedes it or when you want to describe an action that is "done in the same way as" something or someone else.
Take a look at the example below.
年のせいか、最近体が思うように動かない。
とし の せい か、 さいきん からだ が おもう ように うごかない。
Maybe it’s because of old age, but recently my body doesn’t move the way I want it to.
Literally: “age + の + fault + か (=[questioning]), + recently + body + が + think + ように + doesn’t move.”
In this example, the speaker is trying to say that his body doesn't move quite "in the same way" that he thinks it should.
Here's another one.
Child:
わたし、高校を辞めてアフリカに行きたい。
わたし、 こうこう を やめて アフリカ に いきたい。
I want to quit (high) school and go to Africa.
Literally: “I, + high school + を + quit (and) + Africa + に + want to go.”
Mother:
あなたの人生なんだから、あなたのやりたいようにやりなさい。
あなた の じんせい なんだ から、 あなた の やりたい ように やりなさい。
It’s your life, so do as you like.
Literally: “you + の + life + なんだ + から, + you + の + want to do + ように + do (=[command]).”
Here, the mother is telling her child to "do things in the same way" that he/she wants to do.
Is it starting to make sense? I hope so! But if not, let's look at another example.
私も絵美里さんのように頭が良かったら良かったのに。
わたし も えみりさん の ように あたま が よかったら よかった のに。
If only I were as smart as Emiri is.
Literally: “I + も + Emiri-san + の + ように + if (I) were smart (=head + が + if [it] was good) + was good + if only.”
This one might be a bit easier to understand, and I'm sure some of us have even experienced something along these lines at least once in our lives.
In this example, the speaker wishes that she were "as smart as Emiri". Or to put it in a more convoluted way, the speaker wishes to be smart "in the same way as Emiri".
🚧 Construction 🚧
NOUN ＋ の＋ ように
*Plain-Form Word ＋ ように
*Note that it’s:
na-adjective ＋ な ＋ ように
NOUN / na-adjective ＋ である ＋ ように
As you can see from the first two examples above, ように can follow plain-form words directly (without the use of の). When nouns are used, の, or the less common である is used, like in example three.
Na-adjectives, seeing as how they are na-adjectives, require a...you guessed it! A な between it and ように! (である, like with nouns, is also possible but less common)
Let's take a look at one of those examples now:
植物には水と光が必要なように、子供にはたくさんの愛が必要です。
しょくぶつ に は みず と ひかり が ひつような ように、 こども に は たくさん の あい が ひつよう です。
Just like plants need water and light, children need lots of love.
Literally: “plants + に + は + water + と + light + が + necessary + ように, + children + に + は + a lot + の + love + が + necessary + です.”
Here, the speaker is likening the idea of children needing love to plants needing water and light.
Now then! With the construction under your belts and enough examples to get you started, you should be well on your way to creating your own sentences.
Next let's take a look at ように used in its adjectival form, ような. This will be used when you want to modify the noun that follows it, not just the action in the predicate.
The construction rules of ような are the same as the ones we have for ように above.
Take a look at the example below.
わたしが子供のころ使っていたような電話は、今では博物館でしか見られません。
わたし が こども の ころ つかっていた ような でんわ は、 いま では はくぶつかん で しか みられません。
The phones like I used when I was a child can only be seen in museums now.
Literally: “I + が + child + の + time + was using + ような + phone + は, + now + では + museum + で + only + cannot see.”
Here, the speaker wants to specify which phones he/she means by characterizing them as the one(s) he/she used when he/she was a child.
Make sense? If you've read through the Bunkai Beast grammar course, I bet it does because it covers the use of な and the use of に with na-adjectives.
Don't worry if it's not 100%. It never is for anyone (not even us) ;)
If you need some more examples of ような used to modify nouns, head to [NDL #714] - JLPT N4: ような.
In the last example, we're going to take a look at an expression in and of itself, 次のように (つぎのように), which means "the following".
７月８日の遠足の日程は次のように変更されました。
しちがつ ようか の えんそく の にってい は つぎ の ように へんこう されました。
The following changes have been made to the schedule for the field trip on July 8th.
Literally: “July + eighth + の + field trip + の + schedule + は + following / next + の + ように + change + was / were done.”
This one, in a literal sense, means "changes have been made in the same way as I am about to explain". But that's weird right? So, let's just remember it as its own phrase, "the following".
ように is similar to 通りに (とおりに) and I think the nuance of either is very tricky to grasp at first.
The best explanation I can give you is that X ように means that the way something takes place or the way someone does something is like X, whereas X 通りに means that the way something takes place or the way someone does something is the same as X.
I hope that shines a little bit of light on the difference in nuance between the two.
For a more in-depth explanation of 通りに, head to [NDL #674] - JLPT N3: とおり(に).
Well, ladies and gentlemen, that's it for our lesson on ように. I hope that you enjoyed it and found it informative and useful in your studies to becoming a Japanese language master.
頑張って！ (がんばって！)
Complete and Continue
Today, we're going to study the adverbial phrase ように.
ように is used when talking about things that agree, coincide, match, etc. Use it when you want to describe a characteristic of something which is comparable to what precedes it or when you want to describe an action that is "done in the same way as" something or someone else.
Take a look at the example below.
年のせいか、最近体が思うように動かない。
とし の せい か、 さいきん からだ が おもう ように うごかない。
Maybe it’s because of old age, but recently my body doesn’t move the way I want it to.
Literally: “age + の + fault + か (=[questioning]), + recently + body + が + think + ように + doesn’t move.”
In this example, the speaker is trying to say that his body doesn't move quite "in the same way" that he thinks it should.
Here's another one.
Child:
わたし、高校を辞めてアフリカに行きたい。
わたし、 こうこう を やめて アフリカ に いきたい。
I want to quit (high) school and go to Africa.
Literally: “I, + high school + を + quit (and) + Africa + に + want to go.”
Mother:
あなたの人生なんだから、あなたのやりたいようにやりなさい。
あなた の じんせい なんだ から、 あなた の やりたい ように やりなさい。
It’s your life, so do as you like.
Literally: “you + の + life + なんだ + から, + you + の + want to do + ように + do (=[command]).”
Here, the mother is telling her child to "do things in the same way" that he/she wants to do.
Is it starting to make sense? I hope so! But if not, let's look at another example.
私も絵美里さんのように頭が良かったら良かったのに。
わたし も えみりさん の ように あたま が よかったら よかった のに。
If only I were as smart as Emiri is.
Literally: “I + も + Emiri-san + の + ように + if (I) were smart (=head + が + if [it] was good) + was good + if only.”
This one might be a bit easier to understand, and I'm sure some of us have even experienced something along these lines at least once in our lives.
In this example, the speaker wishes that she were "as smart as Emiri". Or to put it in a more convoluted way, the speaker wishes to be smart "in the same way as Emiri".
🚧 Construction 🚧
NOUN ＋ の＋ ように
*Plain-Form Word ＋ ように
*Note that it’s:
na-adjective ＋ な ＋ ように
NOUN / na-adjective ＋ である ＋ ように
As you can see from the first two examples above, ように can follow plain-form words directly (without the use of の). When nouns are used, の, or the less common である is used, like in example three.
Na-adjectives, seeing as how they are na-adjectives, require a...you guessed it! A な between it and ように! (である, like with nouns, is also possible but less common)
Let's take a look at one of those examples now:
植物には水と光が必要なように、子供にはたくさんの愛が必要です。
しょくぶつ に は みず と ひかり が ひつような ように、 こども に は たくさん の あい が ひつよう です。
Just like plants need water and light, children need lots of love.
Literally: “plants + に + は + water + と + light + が + necessary + ように, + children + に + は + a lot + の + love + が + necessary + です.”
Here, the speaker is likening the idea of children needing love to plants needing water and light.
Now then! With the construction under your belts and enough examples to get you started, you should be well on your way to creating your own sentences.
Next let's take a look at ように used in its adjectival form, ような. This will be used when you want to modify the noun that follows it, not just the action in the predicate.
The construction rules of ような are the same as the ones we have for ように above.
Take a look at the example below.
わたしが子供のころ使っていたような電話は、今では博物館でしか見られません。
わたし が こども の ころ つかっていた ような でんわ は、 いま では はくぶつかん で しか みられません。
The phones like I used when I was a child can only be seen in museums now.
Literally: “I + が + child + の + time + was using + ような + phone + は, + now + では + museum + で + only + cannot see.”
Here, the speaker wants to specify which phones he/she means by characterizing them as the one(s) he/she used when he/she was a child.
Make sense? If you've read through the Bunkai Beast grammar course, I bet it does because it covers the use of な and the use of に with na-adjectives.
Don't worry if it's not 100%. It never is for anyone (not even us) ;)
If you need some more examples of ような used to modify nouns, head to [NDL #714] - JLPT N4: ような.
In the last example, we're going to take a look at an expression in and of itself, 次のように (つぎのように), which means "the following".
７月８日の遠足の日程は次のように変更されました。
しちがつ ようか の えんそく の にってい は つぎ の ように へんこう されました。
The following changes have been made to the schedule for the field trip on July 8th.
Literally: “July + eighth + の + field trip + の + schedule + は + following / next + の + ように + change + was / were done.”
This one, in a literal sense, means "changes have been made in the same way as I am about to explain". But that's weird right? So, let's just remember it as its own phrase, "the following".
ように is similar to 通りに (とおりに) and I think the nuance of either is very tricky to grasp at first.
The best explanation I can give you is that X ように means that the way something takes place or the way someone does something is like X, whereas X 通りに means that the way something takes place or the way someone does something is the same as X.
I hope that shines a little bit of light on the difference in nuance between the two.
For a more in-depth explanation of 通りに, head to [NDL #674] - JLPT N3: とおり(に).
Well, ladies and gentlemen, that's it for our lesson on ように. I hope that you enjoyed it and found it informative and useful in your studies to becoming a Japanese language master.
頑張って！ (がんばって！)
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