Plain Past Negative Tense (Vなかった)

It's nice to have a short lesson every now and then, yeah?

So let's keep this brief.

You (hopefully) will recall our plain negative verb conjugations, since we just looked at them.

Need a refresher?

Dictionary form:

01 買う(かう // kau // to buy
02 行く(いく // iku // to go
03 脱ぐ(ぬぐ // nugu // to take off [e.g. shoes]
04 押す(おす // osu // to push; to press
05 立つ(たつ // tatsu // to stand
06 死ぬ(しぬ // shinu // to die
07 遊ぶ(あそぶ // asobu // to play
08 飲む(のむ // nomu // to drink
09 座る(すわる // suwaru // to sit down
10 食べる(たべる // taberu // to eat
11 起きる(おきる // okiru // to get up; to wake up
12 する(suru // to do; to make
13 来る(くる // kuru // to come
 

Plain Present Negative Tense:

01 買わない(かわない // kawanai // don't buy; won't buy
02 行かない(いかない // ikanai // don't go; won't go
03 脱がない(ぬがない // nuganai // don't take off; won't take off [e.g. shoes]
04 押さない(おさない // osanai // don't push [press]; won't push [press]
05 立たない(たたない // tatanai // don't stand; won't stand
06 死なない(しなない // shinanai // don't die; won't die
07 遊ばない(あそばない // asobanai // don't play; won't play
08 飲まない(のまない // nomanai // don't drink; won't drink
09 座らない(すわらない // suwaranai // don't sit down; won't sit down
10 食べない(たべない // tabenai // don't eat; won't eat
11 起きない(おきない // okinai // don't get up; won't get up
12 しない(shinai // don't do [make]; won't do [make]
13 来ない(こない // konai // don't come; won't come


Now, for plain past negative tense, just put ~なかった instead of ~ない.

Plain Past Negative Tense:

01 買わなかった(かわなかった // kawanakatta // didn't buy
02 行かなかった(いかなかった // ikanakatta // didn't go
03 脱がなかった(ぬがなかった // nuganakatta // didn't take off [e.g. shoes]
04 押さなかった(おさなかった // osanakatta // didn't push [press]
05 立たなかった(たたなかった // tatanakatta // didn't stand
06 死ななかった(しななかった // shinanakatta // didn't die
07 遊ばなかった(あそばなかった // asobanakatta // didn't play
08 飲まなかった(のまなかった // nomanakatta // didn't drink
09 座らなかった(すわらなかった // suwaranakatta // didn't sit down
10 食べなかった(たべなかった // tabenakatta // didn't eat
11 起きなかった(おきなかった // okinakatta // didn't get up
12 しなかった(shinakatta // didn't do [make]
13 来なかった(こなかった // konakatta // didn't come




We'll finish the lesson off with a full sentence:

昨日は何も食べなかった。
きのう は なにも たべなかった。
I didn't eat anything yesterday.
Literally: "yesterday + は + nothing (=what + も) + didn't eat."
Note: Don't be surprised if you hear someone pronouncing 何も as なんも instead of なにも in casual speech.



See? That was a fairly compact lesson, don't you think?




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